Pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) refers to a group of disorders characterized by delays in the development of socialization and communication skills. Parents may note symptoms as early as infancy, although the typical age of onset is before three years of age.
Autism (a developmental brain disorder characterized by impaired social interaction and communication skills and a limited range of activities and interests) is the most characteristic and best-studied type of PDD.
Other PDD types include:
These conditions all have some of the same symptoms, but they differ in terms of when the symptoms start, how fast they appear, how severe they are, and their exact nature.
Symptoms of PDD
PDD symptoms may include:
- Problems with using and understanding language
- Difficulty relating to people, objects, and events
- Unusual play with toys and other objects
- Difficulty with changes in routine or familiar surroundings
- Repetitive body movements or behavior patterns.
Children with PDD vary widely in abilities, intelligence, and behaviors. Some children do not speak at all, others speak in limited phrases or conversations, and some have relatively normal language development. Repetitive play skills and limited social skills are generally evident. Unusual responses to sensory information, such as loud noises and lights, are also common.
There is no known cure for PDD. Medications may be used to address specific behavioral problems; therapy for children with this condition should be specialized according to need. Some children with PDD benefit when the class size is small and instruction is given on a one-to-one basis. Others function well in standard special education classes or regular classes with additional support.
Early intervention, including appropriate and specialized educational programs and support services, plays a critical role in improving the outcome of individuals with PDD. This disorder is not fatal and does not affect normal life expectancy.
