Ginseng is a popular herbal supplement made from the roots of ginseng plants. There are several different types of ginseng; usually, the term "ginseng" refers to one particular type, known as
Panax ginseng. This type is not the same as American ginseng or Siberian ginseng. Other common names for Panax ginseng include but are not limited to:
- Asian ginseng
- Chinese ginseng
- Korean ginseng.
People take ginseng for a wide variety of reasons. Often, it is used to stimulate the immune system or to improve mental functioning and overall mental health.
(Click Benefits of Ginseng for more information on what ginseng is used for, including additional ginseng uses.)
There are numerous different active compounds in ginseng, and it is thought that it is probably a combination of several of these active compounds that is responsible for the actions of ginseng. Some of these compounds have "blood-thinning" properties, helping to keep blood platelets from sticking together (although it is not clear if this effect is significant in humans). Some of the compounds may stimulate the immune system, which may theoretically help fight off infections or cancer. Ginseng may also help to lower blood sugar using various mechanisms (including increasing insulin production and increasing the sensitivity of the body to insulin). Ginseng may have estrogen-like effects, although there is considerable disagreement about whether these effects really occur.
These are just some of the ways ginseng may possibly work. As more is learned through research about the different components of ginseng, more will be known about how (and if) ginseng works for various uses.
Ginseng may be effective for several uses (although generally, larger studies are needed to confirm the positive findings of early, small studies). However, some ginseng uses have no scientific basis whatsoever.
Ginseng Dosing Information
Because ginseng is a dietary supplement (not a "drug"), the best doses for ginseng have not been thoroughly established. Be sure to follow the specific instructions on your particular ginseng product.
Many people believe that natural products, such as ginseng, have no side effects. However, many natural products cause side effects, some of which can be quite serious. Common side effects of ginseng include, but are not limited to:
(Click Side Effects of Ginseng to learn more, including potentially serious side effects that you should report immediately to your healthcare provider.)
Drug Interactions With Ginseng
Some people may be more likely to experience problems due to ginseng. Therefore, you should talk with your healthcare provider before taking ginseng if you have:
- Heart disease
- A hormone sensitive disorder, such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or many cancers
- A bleeding disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Diabetes
- An autoimmune disease, such as:
- An upcoming surgery
- Had an organ transplant
- Any allergies, including allergies to food, dyes, or preservatives.
Also, let your healthcare provider know if you are:
Make sure to tell your healthcare provider about all other medicines you are taking, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, and herbal supplements.
(Click Ginseng Safety for more information, including any available ginseng warnings and precautions.)
What If I Take a Ginseng Overdose?
It is not known exactly what to expect from an overdose with ginseng, other than the usual ginseng side effects (which would likely occur more severely). If you think you may have taken too much ginseng, seek medical attention immediately.
Refer to the label of your individual ginseng product for information on how to best store ginseng. Keep ginseng and all other medications or supplements out of the reach of children.
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